Fri Jun 02 2023

101 articles - From Friday May 26 2023 to Friday Jun 02 2023

parm_toc.knit

Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Gastrointest Endosc

ASGE Guideline on the Role of Ergonomics for Prevention of Endoscopy-related Injury (ERI): Methodology and Review of Evidence.

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ASGE Guideline on the Role of Ergonomics for Prevention of Endoscopy-related Injury (ERI): Summary and Recommendations.

We suggest taking microbreaks and scheduled macrobreaks, and using anti-fatigue mats during procedures to prevent ERI. We suggest the use of ancillary devices in those with risk factors predisposing them to ERI.

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Hepatology

Letter to the editor: Consensus subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with clinical outcomes and genomic phenotypes.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials: Medical therapies for the treatment and prevention of pouchitis.

Apart from vedolizumab and the De Simone formulation, the effects of other medical interventions for pouchitis are uncertain.

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Endosc Int Open

Efficacy of self-assembling peptide in mitigating delayed bleeding after advanced endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal lesions: A meta-analysis.

SAP solution appears promising in reducing post-procedural DB after advanced endoscopic resection of high-risk gastrointestinal lesions with no reported AEs.

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Hepatology

Letter to the editor: Acute rejection after liver transplantation with machine perfusion versus static cold storage: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

The effect of food, vitamin, or mineral supplements on chronic constipation in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Magnesium oxide supplements are effective at improving cardinal symptoms of chronic constipation. Senna and kiwifruit supplements did not impact symptoms; however, findings were based on a small number of studies. Further research is required to investigate the effect of food supplements (e.g., kiwifruit supplements), as well as their whole food equivalents (e.g., whole kiwifruits) in chronic constipation.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

A coding variant in the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein reduces both hepatic steatosis and plasma lipids.

MTTP I128T is associated with reduced hepatic steatosis as well as reduced plasma lipids and apoB. This paradoxical profile is not consistent with a simple gain or loss of function in MTP activity and suggests a more complex effect on MTP function. Further investigation of MTTP I128T will provide insight into the structure-function of MTP and potentially new approaches to modulate MTP activity that could both reduce hepatic and circulating lipids.

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Low-quality muscle mass rather than normal-quality muscle mass determines fibrosis progression in biopsy-proven NAFLD.

Increased low-quality muscle mass, but not decreased normal-quality muscle mass, as assessed by a muscle quality map in CT, predicts fibrosis progression in patients with NAFLD.

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Validation of predictive models for disease outcomes in paediatric ulcerative colitis: A multicentre prospective inception cohort.

The PROTECT model had a good predictive utility for SFR at 3 months, but not at 12 months. The other predictive models did not achieve sufficient accuracy, and al were far from that reported in the original studies. This highlights the necessity for external validation of any prediction model prior to its implementation in clinical practice.

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Am J Gastroenterol

Classification and Management of Disorders of the J Pouch.

Further complications from pouch leaks include the development of sinuses, fistulas and pouch sepsis requiring excision. Novel endoscopic interventions and less invasive surgical procedures have emerged as options for the management of these disorders.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Helicobacter pylori burden in the United States according to individual demographics and geography: a nationwide analysis of the Veterans Healthcare System.

The burden of H. pylori is substantial in the United States among veterans. These data should 1) motivate research aimed at better understanding why marked demographic differences in H. pylori burden persist so that mitigating interventions may be implemented, and 2) guide resource allocation to optimize H. pylori testing and eradication in high-risk groups.

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Patients with microscopic colitis are at higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events: A matched cohort study.

Compared to reference individuals, MC patients had a 27% higher risk of incident MACE, equal to one extra case of MACE for every 13 MC patients followed for ten years.

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Risk of Severe Infection in Patients with Biopsy-Proven Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD were at significantly higher risk of incident severe infection requiring hospitalization both compared to the general population and compared to siblings. Excess risk was evident across al stages of NAFLD and increased with worsening disease severity.

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Endosc Int Open

Efficacy and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy for esophageal diverticula.

POEM is effective and safe to treat patients with esophageal diverticula and an underlying esophageal motility disorder.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastric ERCP (EDGE): A multicenter US study on long-term follow-up and fistula closure.

Post-procedure evaluation and management of the enteral fistula varies widely among centers currently and would benefit from further standardization. Fistula persistence appears to be uncommon and can be managed endoscopically but may be related to length of indwell times of the LAMS.

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Long-term follow-up after transoral outlet reduction following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: Back to stage 0?

Most effects of TORe are lost at 3 years, and redilation of the GJA occurs. Therefore, TORe should be considered iterative rather than a one-off procedure.

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The Colonoscopy Cookbook: Analysis of effect of a recipe resource on quality and experience of bowel preparation in colonoscopy.

Further randomized controlled trials are required to validate this scoping review. Pre-procedure recipe resources may improve quality of bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy.

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Endoscopy

ENDOSCOPIC VACUUM THERAPY FOR ANASTOMOTIC LEAKAGE AFTER UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY.

This initial experience with EVT for anastomotic leakage after upper GI surgery demonstrated a success rate of 74%. EVT is a promising therapy that could prevent major re-surgery. More experience with the technique and its indications will likely improve success rates in the future.

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Predictors of Long-term Outcomes of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Early Gastric Neoplasia in the West: A Multicentre Study.

This is the largest multicenter western cohort suggesting gastric ESD is safe and effective in the western setting. A quarter of our patients fell outside of the new absolute indications for ESD, suggesting that western practice involves more advanced lesions. We identified the predictors of adverse outcomes in western practice. This should inform future practice and research.

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Gastroenterology

Detailed characteristics of post-discharge mortality in acute pancreatitis.

Almost as many patients in our cohort die in the first 90-day period after discharge as during their hospital stay. Evaluation of cardiovascular status, follow-up of local complications, and cachexia-preventing oncological care should be an essential part of post-AP patient care. Future study protocols in AP must include at least a 90-day follow-up period after discharge.

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Nucleolar HEATR1 upregulated by mTORC1 signaling promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth by dominating ribosome biogenesis and proteome homeostasis.

Our study revealed that HEATR1 is upregulated by IGF1-mTOR-SP1 signaling in HCC and functions as a crucial regulator of ribosome biogenesis and proteome homeostasis to promote HCC development.

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Gut

Mature tertiary lymphoid structures are key niches of tumour-specific immune responses in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas.

We provided a framework for understanding the biological role of PDAC-associated TLSs and revealed their potential to guide the selection of patients for future immunotherapy trials.

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Hepatology

Surrogate and modified endpoints for immunotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Our results clarify the utility of surrogate and modified endpoints in HCC treated with immunotherapies, and support the use of RECIST ORR as an appropriate signal-finding measure for the evaluation of emerging treatments. Contrary to their intended purpose, mRECIST and imRECIST did not provide meaningful improvements in predicting OS benefit.

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Wnt-ß-catenin in hepatobiliary homeostasis, injury, and repair.

In this review, we will address the major advances in understanding the role of Wnt signaling in hepatic zonation, regeneration, and cholestasis-induced injury. We will also touch upon some important unanswered questions, and discuss the relevance of modulating the pathway to provide therapies for complex liver pathologies that remain a continued unmet clinical need.

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J Hepatol

Intestinal B-cells license metabolic T-cell activation in NASH microbiota/antigen-independently and contribute to fibrosis by IgA-FcR signalling.

Intestinal B cells and the IgA-FcR signalling axis represent potential therapeutic targets for treating NASH. Impact and implications Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic inflammatory condition on the rise and can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the 3rd most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Currently, there is no effective treatment for this progressive disease that correlates with a marked risk of HCC mortality and carries a substantial healthcare burden. To date, among al the solid tumours, especially in HCC, the incidence and mortality rates are almost the same, making it crucial to find curative treatments for chronic diseases, such as NASH, which highly predispose to tumorigenesis. We have previously shown that NASH is an auto-aggressive condition aggravated, amongst others, by T cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that B cells might have a role in disease induction and progression. Our present work highlights that B cells have a dual role in NASH pathogenesis, being implicated in the activation of auto-aggressive T cells and the development of fibrosis via activation of monocyte-derived macrophages by secreted immunoglobulins (e.g., IgA). Furthermore, we could show that the absence of B cells prevented HCC development. B-cell intrinsic signalling pathways, secreted immunoglobulins, and interactions of B cells with other immune cells are potential targets in combinatorial NASH therapies against inflammation and fibrosis.

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NIS2+™, an optimization of the blood-based biomarker NIS4® technology for the detection of at-risk NASH: a prospective derivation and validation study.

NIS2+™ constitutes a robust optimization of NIS4® technology for the detection of at-risk NASH.

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Reprogramming of rhythmic liver metabolism by intestinal clock.

Our findings establish a pivotal role of intestine clock in dictating liver rhythmicity and diurnal metabolism, and suggest targeting intestinal rhythms as a new avenue for improving metabolic health. Impact and implications Our findings establish the centrality of the intestine clock amongst peripheral tissue clocks, and associate liver-related pathologies with malfunction of intestine clock. Clock modifiers in the intestine are shown to modulate liver metabolism with improved metabolic parameters. The knowledge will help the clinicians improve the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic diseases by incorporating intestinal circadian factors.

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Roux-en-Y gastric bypass induces hepatic transcriptomic signatures and plasma metabolite changes indicative of improved cholesterol homeostasis.

Our results identify specific regulatory effects of RYGB on inflammation and cholesterol metabolism. RYGB alters the hepatic transcriptome signature, likely improving liver cholesterol homeostasis. These gene regulatory effects are reflected by systemic post-surgery changes of cholesterol-related metabolites, corroborating the beneficial effects of RYGB on both hepatic and systemic cholesterol homeostasis. Impacts and implication Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a widely used bariatric surgery procedure with proven efficacy in body weight management, combatting cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RYGB exerts many beneficial metabolic effects, by lowering plasma cholesterol and improving atherogenic dyslipidemia. Using a cohort of RYGB patients, studied before and one year after surgery, we analyzed how RYGB modulates hepatic and systemic cholesterol and bile acid metabolism. The results of our study provide important insights on the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis after RYGB and open avenues that could guide future monitoring and treatment strategies targeting CVD and NAFLD in obesity.

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

Dietary monosodium glutamate increases visceral hypersensitivity in a mouse model of visceral pain.

These findings demonstrate that repeated exposure to MSG in mice leads to sensitization of jejunal afferent nerves to acute ex vivo exposure to MSG. This may contribute to visceral hypersensitivity reported in response to MSG in patients with IBS.

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Serotonin reuptake transporter deficiency promotes liver steatosis and impairs intestinal barrier function in obese mice fed a Western-style diet.

Our data demonstrate that SERT knockout causes weight gain, liver steatosis, and leaky gut, especially in mice fed a WSD. Therefore, SERT induction could be a novel therapeutic approach to improve metabolic diseases associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction.

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The effect of sleep positional therapy on nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux measured by esophageal pH-impedance monitoring.

Sleep positional therapy using an electronic wearable device promotes sleeping in the left lateral decubitus position and improves reflux parameters measured by pH-impedance reflux monitoring.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: composite kidney outcomes in studies with patients with cirrhosis and AKI-Are we ready to "MAKE" the switch?

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Editorial: golimumab dosing intensification effective in ulcerative colitis with no need for therapeutic drug monitoring.

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Editorial: in the era of effective antiviral therapy, long-term dynamic endoscopic monitoring does not seem to be necessary for all CHB patients with compensated cirrhosis.

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Editorial: optimal combination of non-invasive tests to determine significant fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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Editorial: proactive anti-TNF drug monitoring in IBD-Ready for prime time?

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Editorial: the other bug.

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Editorial: type 1 diabetes, microscopic colitis and the need to explore the complex mechanisms of this association.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Blue Notes.

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Endosc Int Open

Living on the EDGE: Preparing for long-term success following EDGE procedure.

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Gastroenterology

Presentation of the AGA Distinguished Achievement Award in Basic Science to James R. Goldenring, MD, PhD, AGAF.

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Presentation of the AGA William Beaumont Prize in Gastroenterology to Anil K. Rustgi, MD.

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Risk Classification After Colonoscopy and Polypectomy: Are We Always Fighting the Last War?

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J Hepatol

A call for unity: The path towards a more precise and patient-centric nomenclature for NAFLD.

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

Intestinal bacteria associated with irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue.

These bacteria could be used as probiotics to improve these conditions. Protein-rich diets could increase the intestinal abundance of Alistipes, and plant-rich diet could increase the intestinal abundance of Prevotella spp., and consequently improve IBS and fatigue.

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The role of microbiota and its modulation in colonic diverticular disease.

Purpose Sparse evidence is available linking gut microbiota perturbations, diverticular disease pathophysiology, and symptom development. We aimed to summarize the available knowledge on gut microbiota evaluation in diverticular disease, with a focus on symptomatic uncomplicated DD, and the relative treatment strategies.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

Diffuse Hamartomatous Change in the Gallbladder of a Patient with Deletion involving PTEN and BMPR1A genes.

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Gastric Outlet Obstruction from a Massive Liver Abscess.

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Response to Almenoff.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Is it a case of ileal Crohn's disease?

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NASH is the Leading Cause of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Liver Transplant Candidates.

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Endoscopy

A novel strategy to perform endoscopic full-thickness resection at the ileocecal valve and securing the orifice with a double-pigtail catheter.

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A simple replacement method for a 7 Fr dedicated plastic stent in endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy.

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A simulator based on the morphology of an actual stomach for training in endoscopic therapy: is this where beginners should be starting?

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Bleeding giant pseudoaneurysm non-visualized on arterial phase imaging: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided angioembolization to the rescue.

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Comments on "Tube-in-tube endoscopic vacuum therapy for the closure of upper gastrointestinal fistulas, leaks, and perforations".

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Double-scope endoscopic submucosal dissection of superficial laryngeal cancer to preserve the superior laryngeal nerve.

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Endoscopy E-Videos - recently published.

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Linked color imaging aids in identification of multiple rectal neuroendocrine tumors.

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Obtaining a free vertical margin is challenging in endoscopic submucosal dissection of a rectal neuroendocrine tumor: use of adaptive traction to improve exposure in a child.

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One-step balloon-assisted direct peroral cholangioscopy prior to placing the anti-reflux self-expandable metal stent.

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Rescue using NOTES during endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy, after maldeployment of fully covered self-expandable metal stent.

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Simple extraction method using a nontraumatic tube for impacted stool in a diverticulum near the ulcer floor after endoscopic submucosal dissection.

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Successful hemostasis and subsequent cannulation using a self-assembling peptide hydrogel for bleeding after precut sphincterotomy.

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Successful resection of a cavernous hemangioma involving the rectal muscularis propria layer by endoscopic full-thickness resection.

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Successful retrieval of a fractured migrated pancreatic stent using an endoscopic tapered sheath for severe pancreatic duct stenosis.

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Traction and resection in treating gastric submucosal tumor growing extraluminally by using two snares like a ropeway.

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Transgastrostomy retrograde endoscopic submucosal dissection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

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Unique double guidewire technique using a guidewire perforating the diverticulum for a difficult biliary cannulation.

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Usefulness of water pressure observation in detection and direct clipping of source of colonic diverticular bleeding.

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Gastroenterology

"Monkey-See, Monkey-Do".

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A Curious Case of Rapidly Progressing Dysphagia.

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A Gut Feeling: Inflammatory disease revealed during immune reconstitution.

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An Unusual Cause of Abdominal Pain.

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Deranged liver function in a critically-ill patient with COVID-19: a cautionary case.

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GASTRO CURBSIDE CONSULT: A Rare Cause of Life-Threatening Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

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Vedolizumab Earning its Place as a Treatment for Chronic Pouchitis.

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Hepatology

Coagulation meets senescence in NASH!

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Editorial: Re-assessing antiviral treatment criteria for chronic hepatitis B.

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Letter to the editor: Machine perfusion and acute rejection: Not as simple as it seems - the influence of retransplantation.

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Reply: Acute rejection after transplantation of machine perfused livers - We've barely scratched the surface.

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The PROs and cons of crystalline lactulose for suspected covert hepatic encephalopathy among patients with cirrhosis and activity impairment: Are we using the right assessments?

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: golimumab dosing intensification effective in ulcerative colitis with no need for therapeutic drug monitoring-author's reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: optimal combination of non-invasive tests to determine significant fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-authors' reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: proactive anti-TNF drug monitoring in IBD-Ready for the prime time? Authors' reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: type 1 diabetes, microscopic colitis and the need to explore the complex mechanisms of this association-authors' reply.

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Letter: Albumin-Does formulation matter?

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Letter: Albumin-Does formulation matter? Authors' reply.

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Letter: delays to diagnosis of IBD-Challenges requiring a systematic approach.

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Letter: delays to diagnosis of IBD-Challenges requiring a systematic approach. Authors' reply.

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Letter: histologic disease activity and colorectal neoplasia risk-authors' reply.

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Letter: histologic disease activity and colorectal neoplasia risk.

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Letter: practical considerations for nonselective beta-blocker therapy in portal hypertension.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Elevated liver enzymes and risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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Targeting Colorectal Advanced Neoplasia in Asia-Pacific or Locally: Why the Score Name Matters.

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Gut

Antibiotic use and inflammatory bowel disease: number needed to harm? Authors' reply.

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J Hepatol

To the Editor: Germany - the potentially underestimated key player in European DCD type III organ donation?

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

Response to Letter to the Editor.

In the two case reports presented by Toaz et al., secondary peristalsis during FLIP panometry was also affected. This may be attributed to an alternate pharmacodynamic effect, with a transient direct a2-mediated effect on esophageal smooth muscle, associated with a high plasma concentration following bolus injection, prior to the onset of sympathetic inhibition.

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The rise and fall of esophageal function tests. Comment on: Taft et al. Initial assessment of medical post-traumatic stress among patients with chronic esophageal diseases.

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Thoughts on Ma et al.'s publication: "Clinical efficacy and mechanism of transcutaneous neuromodulation on ineffective esophageal motility in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease".

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